## Metadata * Author: [[Robin DiAngelo]] * ASIN: B07638ZFN1 * ISBN: B09JKYD82R * Reference: https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07638ZFN1 ## Highlights Other participants simplistically reduced racism to a matter of nice people versus mean people. — location: [288](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=288) ^ref-10252 --- Most appeared to believe that racism ended in 1865 with the end of slavery. — location: [289](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=289) ^ref-2454 --- racism as a system into which I was socialized, — location: [306](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=306) ^ref-65342 --- Yet even though Gates’s son has clearly been handed unearned advantage, we cling tightly to the ideology of individualism when asked to consider our own unearned advantages. — location: [380](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=380) ^ref-18467 --- This training continues after childhood and throughout our lives. Much of it is nonverbal and is achieved through watching and comparing ourselves to others. — location: [386](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=386) ^ref-29211 --- And we also know that it is “better” to be in one of these groups than to be in its opposite—for example, to be young rather than old, able-bodied rather than have a disability, rich rather than poor. We gain our understanding of group meaning collectively through aspects of the society around us that are shared and unavoidable: television, movies, news items, song lyrics, magazines, textbooks, schools, religion, literature, stories, jokes, traditions and practices, history, and so on. — location: [389](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=389) ^ref-36946 --- I am quite comfortable generalizing; social life is patterned and predictable in measurable ways. — location: [418](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=418) ^ref-5957 --- But race, like gender, is socially constructed. — location: [458](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=458) ^ref-53313 --- race is the child of racism, not the father.” — location: [480](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=480) ^ref-4230 --- The term “white” first appeared in colonial law in the late 1600s. — location: [489](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=489) ^ref-57997 --- in 1865, whiteness remained profoundly important as legalized racist exclusion and violence against African Americans continued in new forms. — location: [492](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=492) ^ref-52148 --- European ethnic groups such as the Irish, Italian, and Polish were excluded — location: [505](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=505) ^ref-20697 --- This process of assimilation—speaking English, eating “American” foods, discarding customs that set them apart—reified the perception of American as white. — location: [507](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=507) ^ref-38396 --- When I say that only whites can be racist, I mean that in the United States, only whites have the collective social and institutional power and privilege over people of color. — location: [581](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=581) ^ref-10346 --- “a system of advantage based on race.” — location: [604](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=604) ^ref-63480 --- By according whiteness an actual legal status, an aspect of identity was converted into an external object of property, — location: [615](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=615) ^ref-40053 --- the popular consciousness solely associates white supremacy with these radical groups. — location: [681](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=681) ^ref-64616 --- of the hundred top-grossing films worldwide in 2016, ninety-five were directed by white Americans (ninety-nine of them by men). — location: [736](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=736) ^ref-54192 --- Of course, some whites explicitly avow racism. We might consider these whites actually more aware of, and honest about, their biases than those of us who consider ourselves open-minded yet who have rarely thought critically about the biases we inevitably hold or how we may be expressing them. — location: [977](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=977) ^ref-11209 --- pillar of white fragility: the refusal to know. — location: [1027](kindle://book?action=open&asin=B07638ZFN1&location=1027) ^ref-46451 ---